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Lei Feng
Lei Feng () (18 December 1940 – 15 August 1962) was a soldier of the People's Liberation Army of China. After his death, Lei was characterized as a selfless and modest person who was devoted to the Communist Party, Chairman Mao Zedong, and the people of China. In 1963, he became the subject of a nationwide posthumous propaganda campaign, "Follow the examples of Comrade Lei Feng" (向雷锋同志学习). Lei was portrayed as a model citizen, and the masses were encouraged to emulate his selflessness, modesty, and devotion to Mao. After Mao's death, Lei Feng remained a cultural icon representing earnestness and service; his name entered daily speech and his imagery appeared on T-shirts and memorabilia.〔Yan Yunxiang:THE INDIVIDUAL AND TRANSFORMATION OF BRIDEWEALTH IN RURAL NORTH CHINA. Department of Anthropology, University of California.〕
Although someone named Lei Feng probably existed, the accounts of his life as depicted by Party propaganda are heavily disputed,〔John Fraser, ''The Chinese: portrait of a people'' (William Collins & Sons, 1980). Quote: "Lei Feng is an invention of the propaganda department. Perhaps there was someone once, even with the same name, who actually existed and did good deeds...But the Lei Feng all Chinese people know stretches credulity to special dimensions."〕〔Nicholas John Cull et al., ''Propaganda and mass persuasion: a historical encyclopedia'', (ABC-CLIO, 2003), ISBN 1576078205. Quote: "Lei Feng, a soldier whose diary was alleged to have been found posthumously, was touted by the party as a model citizen; his diary—almost certainly concocted by party propagandists—is filled with praise of Mao and accounts of Lei Feng's efforts to inspire revolutionary zeal among his comrades".〕 leading him to become a source of cynicism and subject of derision among segments of the Chinese population.〔Fraser, p 100. Quote: "Lei Feng...is also a laughingstock among many Chinese youths, for the simplest of reasons: he never existed, at least not in the form served up by the Party".〕 Nevertheless, Lei's image as a role model serviceman has survived decades of political change in China.〔
==Life==
Born in Wangcheng (near the town of Leifeng, Changsha, Hunan, named in his honour), Lei was orphaned at a young age. According to CNTV, Lei lost all of his family prior to the establishment of the People's Republic, his father dying when he was just 5 (killed by the Invading Japanese Army),〔Chi-Yue Chiu and Ying-Yi Hong, Social Psychology of Culture, Psychology Press (2006), ISBN 978-1-84169-086-5, p. 236〕 his elder brother, exploited as a child labourer, died a year later, with his younger brother passing soon afterwards. Finally, his mother committed suicide after being "dishonored by a landlord."〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Legacy of Lei Feng: Part I CCTV News - CNTV English )〕
He became a member in the Communist youth corps when he was young and joined a transportation unit of the People's Liberation Army at the age of twenty. According to his official biography, Lei died in 1962 at the age of 21 (22 by East Asian age reckoning, by which a newborn is one year old at birth), when a telephone pole, struck by an army truck, hit him as he was directing the truck in backing up.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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